MEDICAL BACKGROUND Residency: General Surgery, 1980, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana; Fellowship: Cardiothoracic Surgery, 1983, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois; Fellow: American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Surgeons, Society of Thoracic Surgeons; Board Certification: American Board of Thoracic Surgery, 1986, Recertified, 1995, 2006